Commonplace Coffee: The monthly average per pound FOB price paid for green coffee.
C Market: The monthly average of coffee prices traded on the New York Stock Exchange in 2023. To simplify the complexity of commodity trading, the price is independent of quality and based on supply, demand, and speculation. The C Market significantly affects farmers, who typically sell their coffee at the current C Market rate.
Fairtrade: In May 2023, Fairtrade International announced that they would be increasing the Fairtrade Minimum from $1.40 per pound to $1.80 per pound. Before this change, the last time that the C Market was below the Fairtrade Minimum was March 2021, so this announcement was made over 2 years after the C Market had largely surpassed what was deemed the minimum for “Fairtrade” coffee. This increase is great news for producers all over the world as economic and climate pressures worsen.
Free on Board (FOB): FOB is a shipping term that describes when the transfer of risk and payment occurs. FOB is calculated when the exporter delivers green coffee to the cargo ship at the port of origin.
FOB pricing is a common benchmark for transparent pricing, as it is typically the easiest price to collect and approximates how much money stays in the country of origin. Though common, FOB does not provide the most accurate representation of a farmer’s financial compensation, unless a farmer engages in the uncommon practice of self exporting. FOB pricing is typically what the exporter is paid, which includes farmers’ payments (also known as “farm gate”), milling, in-country transportation, customs, fees, overhead, packaging, export margins, export taxes, etc.